You can be irritated that someone has let you down, and that includes being upset and angry, but you say irritated. I come across that usage quite a bit. Possibly also a British stiff upper lip thing, to play down being hurt.
IMO "annoyed" is a fair bit stronger than irritated. If I get as far as "really annoyed" there's probably steam coming out of my ears.
"I am annoyed about X" is a much stronger statement than "X is annoying" - the latter could even be a mild frustration, but the former is pretty much anger.
'Irritated' also has a physical meaning, of course, so it's not just your emotions that can get inflamed, but also your body by irritants, like pollen or cleaning sprays or foods that you have an allergy to. I guess that influences how people use it, and their experience of physical irritants might come into play. Irritated always seems to me a more prickly, sharp, uncomfortable feeling because of my experience of physical irritants, and annoyed a smoother, more constant feeling.
I found it quite confusing the first time I heard someone here describe themselves as "pissed", meaning they were pissed off (i.e. a bit cross); my response was, "no - you're stone-cold sober".
In Scotland public schools are officially that and private schools are private.
Private schools when referring to public (state) schools often refer to such schools as being in the 'maintained sector'.
Since one hears often in Scotland English terminology being used many (older)people will in fact use the term 'public school' to refer to a private school. In the same way a good number of Scots will refer to exams which they sat at school as 'O-levels' rather than the Scottish term 'O-grades' Both of these exams belong to a period which is now long gone.
'School' is a word which is used here for educational establishments for children and young people up to 18.I always find it strange when americans refer to places of tertiary education as 'school'.
Historical note - at the political union of 1707 which created the United Kingdom the Scottish part of the Union had three guarantees of independence from England : the independence of the Presbyterian Church,the independence of the Scottish school system
and the independence of the Scottish judicial system.
When I was in Junior High our Friday PE was always dancing. It was at the beginning of rock and roll. I was never very good at slow dancing. In high school there often after game dances. Homecoming Dance, Junior Prom, and Senior Ball were the formal dances.
Recently I have gotten back into dancing and this is in spite of a recent knee surgery and arthritic back. I think it is because I have recently lost about 50 lbs and have much more energy.
Historical note - at the political union of 1707 which created the United Kingdom the Scottish part of the Union had three guarantees of independence from England : the independence of the Presbyterian Church,the independence of the Scottish school system
and the independence of the Scottish judicial system.
Thanks for that snippet - I knew the Church and judicial system, but not the schools.
There's no short answer to that one. The guarantee about the independence of the Presbyterian church wasn't kept, and led to the splitting off of the Free Church from the Established church in 1843 (the "Disruption"), although after that the guarantee was kept, more or less for both churches.
The guarantee about the school system was going to be breached in 1867, but after massive protests it wasn't.
The whole ethos of education in Scotland was different. In the First Book of Discipline, Knox wrote:
"The children of the poor must be supported and sustained on the charge of the church, till trial is taken whether the spirit of docility is found in them or not. If they are found apt to letters and learning, then may they (we mean neither the sons of the rich, nor yet the sons of the poor) not be permitted to reject learning; but must be charged to continue their study, so that the commonwealth may have some comfort by them."
I.e. youth is a resource for the community, and the intelligent poor must have access to education, so that the community can take advantage of their learning. A school was a resource in the same way that a coal mine was; it existed to exploit a natural resource, the intelligence of the people (or at least the 50% of the people who weren't female!)
In England, education was seem as more individualistic, and the rich had a better quality of education than the poor.
That ethos filtered through, and still exists today. Most Scottish children are educated in state comprehensive schools. We put zero thought into which school our children would go to - like almost everyone else they simply went to the nearest school, whereas in England, people choose a school, apply for it, and aren't guaranteed their first choice. Here, our kids are guaranteed a place at whichever school they are in the catchment area for, and there's no effort necessary.
In 1867, there was an attempt to make "middle class" education better than "working class education" (referred to as "the English Code") but it was fiercely resisted.
(Of course, middle class children did tend to do better, as they were less likely to leave school at the earliest age possible, to earn a wage. The Scottish system was never able to overcome that.)
There's no short answer to that one. The guarantee about the independence of the Presbyterian church wasn't kept, and led to the splitting off of the Free Church from the Established church in 1843 (the "Disruption"), although after that the guarantee was kept, more or less for both churches.
The guarantee about the school system was going to be breached in 1867, but after massive protests it wasn't.
But the Presbyterian Church was independent of English control, and I thought that was the independence to which Forthview was referring.
There was, however, in Queen Anne's time the Patronage Act which more or less gave landowners (and town councils ) the right to nominate the minister. Free choice of the minister by the parishioners was important to Scottish Presbyterians and led eventually in 1843 to the Disruption where approximately one third of ministers, elders and congregations left the Church of Scotland to form the 'Free Church of Scotland' Of course there had been divisions within the Presbyterian Church before that with various seceding groups and many more after that also, but that is far too complicated for here.
I am not sure if the government/state were indeed the Patrons of the parish churches - as far as I know it was the landowners in the country and the town council in the burghs/towns who had a responsibility for the maintenance and payment of the minister(s) and schoolmaster(s) and who felt that they should have the first choice.
It was only after 1689 that the Established (as it was then) Church of Scotland became fully Presbyterian and only after that -that a separate Scottish Episcopal Church gradually came into being -not of course under English control either.
Recently I have gotten back into dancing and this is in spite of a recent knee surgery and arthritic back. I think it is because I have recently lost about 50 lbs and have much more energy.
There was, however, in Queen Anne's time the Patronage Act which more or less gave landowners (and town councils ) the right to nominate the minister. Free choice of the minister by the parishioners was important to Scottish Presbyterians and led eventually in 1843 to the Disruption where approximately one third of ministers, elders and congregations left the Church of Scotland to form the 'Free Church of Scotland' Of course there had been divisions within the Presbyterian Church before that with various seceding groups and many more after that also, but that is far too complicated for here.
I am not sure if the government/state were indeed the Patrons of the parish churches - as far as I know it was the landowners in the country and the town council in the burghs/towns who had a responsibility for the maintenance and payment of the minister(s) and schoolmaster(s) and who felt that they should have the first choice.
It was only after 1689 that the Established (as it was then) Church of Scotland became fully Presbyterian and only after that -that a separate Scottish Episcopal Church gradually came into being -not of course under English control either.
Yes, that's as I understood it. Perhaps the monarch was the patron of a parish or 2, but that would have been a personal incidental, not the sort of power as supreme governor of the CoE. And of course it was the independent status of the SEC which allowed the bishops of that Church to consecrate Samuel Seabury when the CoE bishops could not - much as they would have liked to.
Does the tangent about Scottish education, law and church allow me the pleasure of using the word antidisestablishmentarianism? Not because I know what it means, you understand - just because.
Too bad we're not discussing German. You can string a bunch of words together to make a new word--and some words are about a page long! (At least, a page in my German textbook.)
Too bad we're not discussing German. You can string a bunch of words together to make a new word--and some words are about a page long! (At least, a page in my German textbook.)
One of my favorite Mark Twain stories is "The Awful German Language" which includes that fact. It is hilarious! If you haven't read it, here it is: https://www.daad.org/files/2016/07/Mark_Twain-Broschuere.pdf . Don't mind the German intros. The body of the work is Twain's English.
It's not just the words that get long. Sentences can be torturous, especially given the weird order that German uses for subordinate clauses. Basically each sentence opens up like an eggshell, and the subordinate clause fits between the subject on the left and the verb on the right. They nest like matroshka dolls. Our H.S. German teacher said there is a book that exists of one sentence, and that the first chapters are all the nouns, and the last chapters are all the verbs.
I'm so glad to have a copy of that for my kid to read in the morning. He is currently suffering through his fifth year of German in preparation for the AP exam in May, and is truly-and-most-frustratedlyconcussion-stricken-mit-dem-Brain-ouchen-wanten-give-UP.
I had great fun studying German and their longer-than-a-page compound words.
I'm also a fan of "honorificabilitudinitatibus," the longest word in the English language featuring alternating consonants and vowels. Shakespeare used it in
Act V, Scene I of Love's Labour's Lost.
One of my favourite long words in German is the title given to a lady on a gravestone in Austria - Donaudampfschiffahrtgesellschaftskapitaenswitwe - since it is a title I don't think I have to translate it, but perhaps Lamb chopped's kid would be able to translate.
Very similar to the title used to illustrate the point in my German textbook - Vierwaldsstätteseedampfshiffsgesellschaftskapitänsmutzenssternlein (the little star on the cap of a captain of the Vierwaldstätte Lake steam ship company).
One of my favourite long words in German is the title given to a lady on a gravestone in Austria - Donaudampfschiffahrtgesellschaftskapitaenswitwe - since it is a title I don't think I have to translate it, but perhaps Lamb chopped's kid would be able to translate.
Despite the 50 year interval since my German 'A' Level, I can translate that (to my surprise).
What can I say, a lifetime's love of Strauss (An der schönen blauen Donau), operetta (Die lustige Witwe) and WWII films on wet afternoons (Ja, Mein Kapitan), plus a German train set in the nursery, gives one a head-start
Apologies for reviving the English-German tangent momentarily, but @Lamb Chopped, if you can find it your son might enjoy Dave Morrah’s Der Wizard in Ozzenland; Mein Grossfader’s Rhymen und Fable Tellen, mit also Heinrich Schibble’s Deutcher Wordenbook. I loved it when I was a kid—I think it and Hogan’s Heroes are among the reasons I took German in college—and my son enjoyed it when he was taking German.
As an example, here is Herr Newton und der Fallen Appel:
Herr Newton beneathen der tree ben gesprawlen
Mit watchen ein smallischer apfel gefallen.
Ach, Himmel, Herr Newton ben ober-exciten
Und soonish abouten der apfel ben writen!
Meinself is nicht thinken das fallen surprisen,
Comparen mit iffen der apfel ben risen.
Then there’s the story of Der Princess und das Smokenstackensweeper.
...if you can find it your son might enjoy Dave Morrah’s Der Wizard in Ozzenland; Mein Grossfader’s Rhymen und Fable Tellen, mit also Heinrich Schibble’s Deutcher Wordenbook. I loved it when I was a kid—I think it and Hogan’s Heroes are among the reasons I took German in college—and my son enjoyed it when he was taking German.
When I was taking German in high school I came across a used copy of Dave Morrah’s Alice in Wunderbarland, which was a delight.
One of my favourite long words in German is the title given to a lady on a gravestone in Austria - Donaudampfschiffahrtgesellschaftskapitaenswitwe - since it is a title I don't think I have to translate it, but perhaps Lamb chopped's kid would be able to translate.
'Danube Steamship Company Captain's Widow'
(Oops - I should have read to the end of the thread before posting.)
Further proof (if it were needed!) that the English and the Welsh speak different languages! Lost in translation: road sign carries email reply. (This seems to be an old story, but a friend just shared it with me.)
... I just can not understand people using “I could care less” when they mean they couldn’t care less!
That one puzzles me too; the only way I can make sense of it is by thinking of it as "I could care less, but I don't."
I shall, however, be happy to be enlightened by any of our American chums!
Not American, but I thought it originated as sarcasm. There is something I care less about than this, (except there isn't). Or, I could care less about this, but I find I can't. Also, it's an idiom, which tend to be resistant to analysis.
Comments
IMO "annoyed" is a fair bit stronger than irritated. If I get as far as "really annoyed" there's probably steam coming out of my ears.
"I am annoyed about X" is a much stronger statement than "X is annoying" - the latter could even be a mild frustration, but the former is pretty much anger.
Annoyed means the person has some justifiable issue more often than not.
It seems a bit subtle to me, but the nuance is there.
Some who irritates me has also pissed me off, which also means I'm behaving irritably. Which is interesting, because "being pissed" means to be drunk.
(A UK - IRL difference here - 'fecked' being ubiquitous and not apparently that rude, in the latter)
Private schools when referring to public (state) schools often refer to such schools as being in the 'maintained sector'.
Since one hears often in Scotland English terminology being used many (older)people will in fact use the term 'public school' to refer to a private school. In the same way a good number of Scots will refer to exams which they sat at school as 'O-levels' rather than the Scottish term 'O-grades' Both of these exams belong to a period which is now long gone.
'School' is a word which is used here for educational establishments for children and young people up to 18.I always find it strange when americans refer to places of tertiary education as 'school'.
Historical note - at the political union of 1707 which created the United Kingdom the Scottish part of the Union had three guarantees of independence from England : the independence of the Presbyterian Church,the independence of the Scottish school system
and the independence of the Scottish judicial system.
Recently I have gotten back into dancing and this is in spite of a recent knee surgery and arthritic back. I think it is because I have recently lost about 50 lbs and have much more energy.
Thanks for that snippet - I knew the Church and judicial system, but not the schools.
Thx.
The guarantee about the school system was going to be breached in 1867, but after massive protests it wasn't.
"The children of the poor must be supported and sustained on the charge of the church, till trial is taken whether the spirit of docility is found in them or not. If they are found apt to letters and learning, then may they (we mean neither the sons of the rich, nor yet the sons of the poor) not be permitted to reject learning; but must be charged to continue their study, so that the commonwealth may have some comfort by them."
I.e. youth is a resource for the community, and the intelligent poor must have access to education, so that the community can take advantage of their learning. A school was a resource in the same way that a coal mine was; it existed to exploit a natural resource, the intelligence of the people (or at least the 50% of the people who weren't female!)
In England, education was seem as more individualistic, and the rich had a better quality of education than the poor.
That ethos filtered through, and still exists today. Most Scottish children are educated in state comprehensive schools. We put zero thought into which school our children would go to - like almost everyone else they simply went to the nearest school, whereas in England, people choose a school, apply for it, and aren't guaranteed their first choice. Here, our kids are guaranteed a place at whichever school they are in the catchment area for, and there's no effort necessary.
In 1867, there was an attempt to make "middle class" education better than "working class education" (referred to as "the English Code") but it was fiercely resisted.
(Of course, middle class children did tend to do better, as they were less likely to leave school at the earliest age possible, to earn a wage. The Scottish system was never able to overcome that.)
But the Presbyterian Church was independent of English control, and I thought that was the independence to which Forthview was referring.
I am not sure if the government/state were indeed the Patrons of the parish churches - as far as I know it was the landowners in the country and the town council in the burghs/towns who had a responsibility for the maintenance and payment of the minister(s) and schoolmaster(s) and who felt that they should have the first choice.
It was only after 1689 that the Established (as it was then) Church of Scotland became fully Presbyterian and only after that -that a separate Scottish Episcopal Church gradually came into being -not of course under English control either.
Go Gramps 49
Yes, that's as I understood it. Perhaps the monarch was the patron of a parish or 2, but that would have been a personal incidental, not the sort of power as supreme governor of the CoE. And of course it was the independent status of the SEC which allowed the bishops of that Church to consecrate Samuel Seabury when the CoE bishops could not - much as they would have liked to.
One of my favorite Mark Twain stories is "The Awful German Language" which includes that fact. It is hilarious!
I'm also a fan of "honorificabilitudinitatibus," the longest word in the English language featuring alternating consonants and vowels. Shakespeare used it in
Act V, Scene I of Love's Labour's Lost.
Despite the 50 year interval since my German 'A' Level, I can translate that (to my surprise).
That’s how google translated it too. 🙂🙂
I just can not understand people using “I could care less” when they mean they couldn’t care less!
As an American, that's a pet peeve of mine too.
As an example, here is Herr Newton und der Fallen Appel: Then there’s the story of Der Princess und das Smokenstackensweeper.
/tangent and auto-correct mayhem.
I always thought this was just an ironic reversal of "cheap at twice the price."
(Rhubarb cake)
(Oops - I should have read to the end of the thread before posting.)
I shall, however, be happy to be enlightened by any of our American chums!
and I could care less irritates me when reading american books
Lost in translation: road sign carries email reply. (This seems to be an old story, but a friend just shared it with me.)
Not American, but I thought it originated as sarcasm. There is something I care less about than this, (except there isn't). Or, I could care less about this, but I find I can't. Also, it's an idiom, which tend to be resistant to analysis.
I could care less irritates me when reading ANY books. I don't confine it to American ones.
Is this the point that we claim that N repetitions of the word "buffalo" forms a syntactically valid, if rather tiresome, English sentence, for all positive N?
https://books.google.com/books?id=LQnsSuvP9dAC&pg=PA99